Phrase āĻŦāĻž āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ‚āĻļ

Phrase āĻšāĻ˛ā§‹ āĻāĻ•āĻžāĻ§āĻŋāĻ• āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽāĻˇā§āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¯āĻž āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻ…āĻ‚āĻļ āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸ā§‡āĻŦā§‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡, āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻ•āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤ā§‹ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ•āĻžāĻļ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤ Phrase-āĻ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖāĻ¤ āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨ Finite verb āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§‡āĻ¨āĻž, āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻ•ā§‡āĻŦāĻ˛ Verb Phrase-āĻ Finite Verb āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ Phrase āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ āĻŦāĻž āĻ­ā§‚āĻŽāĻŋāĻ•āĻž āĻĒāĻžāĻ˛āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤

A phrase is a group of words that acts as a single part of speech.

A Finite Verb is a verb that shows Tense.

Definition of a Phrase āĻāĻ° āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻœā§āĻžāĻž

A phrase is a group of words that functions as a unit in a sentence but does not typically contain a subject and a finite verb (except in the case of a verb phrase). It cannot stand alone as a complete sentence.

āĻŦāĻžāĻ‚āĻ˛āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¸āĻšāĻœ āĻ•āĻĨāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻŦāĻ˛āĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ: Phrase āĻšāĻ˛ā§‹ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ—ā§‹āĻˇā§āĻ ā§€, āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖāĻ¤ āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨ Subject āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ Finite Verb āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻž (āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻ•ā§‡āĻŦāĻ˛ Verb Phrase-āĻ Finite Verb āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡), āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻ•āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖāĻžāĻ™ā§āĻ— āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ•āĻžāĻļ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤

Examples of Phrases āĻāĻ° āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖ

  • In the morning (Phrase)
  • After the rain (Phrase)

Difference between Phrase and Clause:

Phrase āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ Clause-āĻāĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ§āĻžāĻ¨ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĨāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ āĻšāĻ˛ā§‹, Clause-āĻ āĻ…āĻŦāĻļā§āĻ¯āĻ‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ Subject āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ Finite Verb āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§‡, āĻ¯āĻž Phrase-āĻ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖāĻ¤ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§‡āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡, Verb Phrase-āĻ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ Finite Verb āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤

āĻ¯ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨ –

  • Clause: He ate an apple → āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ Subject āĻšāĻ˛ā§‹ “He” āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ Finite Verb āĻšāĻ˛ā§‹ “ate”āĨ¤
  • Phrase: In the garden → āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨ Subject āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ Finite Verb āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ‡āĨ¤

āĻ¯ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨ – I know āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§€ āĻ…āĻ‚āĻļ āĻ–ā§‡ā§ŸāĻžāĻ˛ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‹:

  • Clause: I know what you did in the exam hall
    • “what you did in the exam hall”
    • → āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ Subject āĻšāĻ˛ā§‹ “you” āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ Finite Verb āĻšāĻ˛ā§‹ “did”āĨ¤
    • āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ Clause
  • Phrase: I know all your activities in the exam hall 
    • “all your activities in the exam hall”
    • → āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨ Subject āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ Finite Verb āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ‡āĨ¤
    • āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ Phrase

Main Differences Between Phrases and Clauses:

Phrase Clause
Finite verb āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖāĻ¤ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§‡āĻ¨āĻž, āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ Verb Phrase-āĻ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ Finite verb āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ Subject āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§‡āĨ¤
āĻāĻ•āĻ•āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ•āĻžāĻļ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤ āĻāĻ•āĻ•āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ•āĻžāĻļ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤
āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸ āĻ…āĻ‚āĻļ āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸ā§‡āĻŦā§‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸ā§‡āĻŦā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻž āĻ•āĻžāĻœ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤

Differences Between Phrases and Clauses with Examples:

āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ‰āĻĻāĻžāĻšāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ¸āĻš āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ Phrase āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ Clause āĻ•ā§€āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻ†āĻ˛āĻžāĻĻāĻž āĻ¤āĻž āĻĻā§‡āĻ–āĻŦ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻŽā§āĻ¨āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ–āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻ•āĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āĻ¯āĻŽā§‡:

I read ___________________.

She described ___________.

The teacher taught _______.

He explained ____________.

He apologized ___________.

He asked ________________.

 

āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛āĻ¤ āĻ†āĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻļā§‚āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¨ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ Phrase āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦā§‹ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻĒāĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ Clause āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦā§‹āĨ¤

Common Part Phrase Clause
I read (about your experience at the event). (what you wrote at the event).
She described (the scenery in detail). (how the scenery looked).
The teacher taught (about the basics of programming). (how I can write simple codes in Python).
He explained (the steps of the project). (why the project failed).
He apologized (for his rude behavior last night). (that he had been rude last night).
He asked (for permission to leave early). (if he could leave early).

Classification of Phrases āĻāĻ° āĻļā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻŖā§€āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻ—

Phrase-āĻ•ā§‡ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ§āĻžāĻ¨ āĻĒāĻžāĻāĻšāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ­āĻžāĻ—ā§‡ āĻ­āĻžāĻ— āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ:

1) Noun Phrase

Noun phrase āĻāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻāĻ—ā§āĻšā§āĻ› āĻ¯āĻž āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ Noun āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸ā§‡āĻŦā§‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤
Example:

  • The big brown dog chased the cat.
    • → āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ underline āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‹  phrase āĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ Noun āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸ā§‡āĻŦā§‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤

2) Adjective Phrase

Adjective phrase āĻāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻāĻ—ā§āĻšā§āĻ› āĻ¯āĻž āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ Noun āĻŦāĻž Pronoun-āĻāĻ° āĻŦā§ˆāĻļāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸā§āĻ¯ āĻŦā§‹āĻāĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšā§ƒāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ Adjective-āĻāĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤ā§‹ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤
Example:

  • The children, full of joy, played in the park.
    • → āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ phrase “full of joy” āĻŸāĻŋ Noun “children”-āĻāĻ° āĻŦā§ˆāĻļāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸā§āĻ¯ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ•āĻžāĻļ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤

3) Adverb Phrase

Adverb phrase āĻāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻāĻ—ā§āĻšā§āĻ› āĻ¯āĻž āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ Verb, Adjective, āĻŦāĻž āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ Adverb-āĻāĻ° āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨ āĻ†āĻ°āĻ“ āĻ¸ā§āĻĒāĻˇā§āĻŸ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ Adverb-āĻāĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤ā§‹ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤
Example:

  • He left the room in a hurry.
    • → āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ phrase “in a hurry” Verb “left”-āĻāĻ° āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨ āĻŦā§‹āĻāĻžāĻšā§āĻ›ā§‡ āĻŦāĻž Modify āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤

4) Prepositional Phrase

Prepositional phrase āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖāĻ¤ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ Preposition āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ…āĻ‚āĻļā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ• āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ Prepositional phrase āĻšāĻ˛ā§‹ āĻāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻāĻ—ā§āĻšā§āĻ›, āĻ¯āĻž āĻāĻ•āĻ•āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ…āĻ‚āĻļ āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸ā§‡āĻŦā§‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖāĻ¤ Adjective āĻŦāĻž Adverb āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸ā§‡āĻŦā§‡ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšā§ƒāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤ āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋāĻ“ Prepositional Phrases āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖāĻ¤ Preposition āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ (āĻ¯ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨: “in,” “on,” “at”), āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§ Phrase āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡ āĻ¯āĻž āĻāĻ¤āĻŋāĻšā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻžāĻšā§€ Preposition āĻ›āĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ“ Prepositional Phrase āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸ā§‡āĻŦā§‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡ (āĻāĻ—ā§āĻ˛ā§‹ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖāĻ¤ Complex Preposition āĻ—ā§āĻ˛ā§‹)āĨ¤

 

Example:

  • According to the weather report, it will rain tomorrow.
  • In spite of the difficulties, she persevered.
  • Because of the storm, the flight was canceled.

Scenario 1: Identifying the Phrase Type On Its Own

  • Phrase: in a hurry
  • Type: Prepositional Phrase
    āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ “in a hurry” āĻšāĻ˛ā§‹ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ Prepositional Phrase āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ “in” āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ Noun Phrase (“a hurry”) āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ—āĻ āĻŋāĻ¤āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻāĻ° Structure āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧā§€ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ Prepositional PhraseāĨ¤

Scenario 2: Identifying the Phrase's Function in a Sentence

  • Sentence: He left in a hurry.
  • Phrase: in a hurry
  • Type: Adverbial Phrase
    āĻāĻ‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ “in a hurry” phrase-āĻŸāĻŋ Verb “left” āĻāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¤, āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻļā§āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ˛ā§‡ “How did he leave?” āĻāĻ° āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻĻā§‡āĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤ āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻ°āĻžāĻ‚ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ Adverb āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸ā§‡āĻŦā§‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤

Key Point:

  • Structure āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧā§€ “in a hurry” āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ Prepositional Phrase āĻšāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ“, āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻāĻ° Function āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧā§€ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ Adverbial Phrase āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸ā§‡āĻŦā§‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤

Example of Purely Prepositional Phrases:

  • In the event ofIn the event of rain, the match will be canceled.
    (āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ “in the event of” āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‹ phrase-āĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ Prepositional Phrase āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸ā§‡āĻŦā§‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡, āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ “rain” āĻāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ• āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤)

  • In spite ofIn spite of his illness, he attended the meeting.
    (āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ “in spite of” āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‹ phrase-āĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ Prepositional Phrase āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸ā§‡āĻŦā§‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡, āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ “his illness” āĻāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ• āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤)

  • On account ofHe couldn’t come on account of a family emergency.
    (āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ “on account of” āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‹ phrase-āĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ Prepositional Phrase āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸ā§‡āĻŦā§‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡, āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ “a family emergency” āĻāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ• āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤)
  • With regard toWith regard to your question, I’ll need more time to answer.
    (āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ “with regard to” āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‹ phrase-āĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ Prepositional Phrase āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸ā§‡āĻŦā§‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡, āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ “your question” āĻāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ• āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤)

  • In place ofWe used honey in place of sugar.
    (āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ “in place of” āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‹ phrase-āĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ Prepositional Phrase āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸ā§‡āĻŦā§‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡, āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ “sugar” āĻāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ• āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤)

Key Point:

  • These purely prepositional phrases work as complete prepositions even though they consist of multiple words. āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻœ āĻšāĻ˛ā§‹ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ° āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ…āĻ‚āĻļā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ• āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻ•āĻ•āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ Prepositional Phrase āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸ā§‡āĻŦā§‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻœ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡; āĻ¯ā§‡āĻŽāĻ¨āĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻž Preposition āĻ¯āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻĻā§āĻ‡āĻŸāĻž Noun āĻŦāĻž Noun Phrase āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¯ā§āĻ•ā§āĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤

5) Verb Phrase

Verb phrase āĻšāĻ˛ā§‹ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ§āĻžāĻ¨ Verb āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻ¯ā§āĻ•ā§āĻ¤ Auxiliaries āĻŦāĻž Helping Verbs-āĻāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¨ā§āĻŦāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ Phrase-āĻāĻ° āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ†āĻ˛āĻžāĻĻāĻž, āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ Finite Verb āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤
Example:

  • They have been playing football for hours.
    • → āĻāĻ–āĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ phrase “have been playing” āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž “playing” āĻāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻ¯ā§āĻ•ā§āĻ¤ Helping Verbs āĻŦā§‹āĻāĻžāĻšā§āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤

Other Types of Phrases:

Other types of phrases include gerund phrase, infinitive phrase, participle phrase, and appositive phrase. We’ll discuss these later on!

Check Your Understanding: Phrase

Identify the type of phrase:

The children, full of joy, played in the park.


What is the function of the phrase "in a hurry" in the sentence?

He left in a hurry.


Which of the following is an example of a Prepositional Phrase?


Identify the Noun Phrase:

The big brown dog chased the cat.

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