Parts of Speech
āĻāĻŋāĻā§ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ āĻŦāĻž Word āĻāĻ āϏāĻžāĻĨā§ āĻ āϰā§āĻĨāĻĒā§āϰā§āĻŖāĻāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻāϰāϞ⧠āϤāĻžāĻā§ Sentence āĻŦāĻž āĻŦāĻžāĻā§āϝ āĻŦāϞ⧠āĨ¤ Sentence āĻ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšā§āϤ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ āĻŦāĻž Word āĻā§āϞā§āĻā§ Parts of Speech āĻŦāϞ⧠āĨ¤ Words are categorized according to eight parts of speech in conventional grammar. āĻĒā§āϰāĻāϞāĻŋāϤ āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻāϰāĻŖā§ āĻŦāĻā§āϤā§āϤāĻžāϰ āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻ āĻāĻļ āĻ āύā§āϏāĻžāϰ⧠āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻāĻā§āϞāĻŋāĻā§ āĻļā§āϰā§āĻŖāĻŋāĻŦāĻĻā§āϧ āĻāϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ āĨ¤
- Noun (āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āώā§āϝ)   Â
- Pronoun (āϏāϰā§āĻŦāύāĻžāĻŽ)
- Adjective (āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āώāĻŖ)
- Verb (āĻā§āϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻĒāĻĻ)
- Adverb (āĻā§āϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āώāĻŖ)
- Preposition (āĻĒāĻĻāĻžāύā§āĻŦāϝāĻŧā§ āĻ āĻŦā§āϝāϝāĻŧ āĻŦāĻž āĻ āύā§āϏāϰā§āĻ)
- Conjunction (āϏāĻāϝā§āĻāĻ āĻĒāĻĻ)
- Interjection (āĻāĻŦā§āĻāϏā§āĻāĻ āĻĒāĻĻ)
In English grammar, parts of speech are categories that help us understand how words function in a sentence. These are essential building blocks for constructing meaningful sentences since each part of speech describes the role a word plays in a sentence, rather than what the word itself is.
Each part of speech describes how a word is used rather than what it is. The same word may function as a noun in one phrase and a verb or an adjective in another. āĻŦāĻā§āϤā§āϤāĻžāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻāĻŋ āĻ āĻāĻļ āĻŦāϰā§āĻŖāύāĻž āĻāϰ⧠āϝ⧠āĻā§āĻāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻāϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ āĨ¤ āĻāĻāĻ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻŦāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻžāĻāĻļā§ āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āώā§āϝ āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻ āύā§āϝ āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻŦāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻžāĻāĻļā§ āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻā§āϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āώāĻŖ āĻšāĻŋāϏāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻāĻžāĻ āĻāϰāϤ⧠āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧠āĨ¤
Â
The following examples demonstrate how a specific word might work as a different part of speech in different sentences. āύāĻŋāĻŽā§āύāϞāĻŋāĻāĻŋāϤ āĻāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖāĻā§āϞāĻŋ āĻĻā§āĻāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻā§āĻāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻāĻŋāώā§āĻ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ āĻŦāĻŋāĻāĻŋāύā§āύ āĻŦāĻžāĻā§āϝ⧠āĻŦāĻā§āϤā§āϤāĻžāϰ āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻāĻŋāύā§āύ āĻ āĻāĻļ āĻšāĻŋāϏāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻāĻžāĻ āĻāϰāϤ⧠āĻĒāĻžāϰā§āĨ¤
- Walk: Verb & Noun
I walk to school every day.
In this sentence, âwalkâ is a verb.
Â
Rana takes a walk every morning.
Here âwalkâ is a noun.
- Book: Noun & Verb
A book is a man’s best friend.
In this sentence, âbookâ is a noun.
Â
I book a hotel room every Friday.
Here âbookâ is a verb.
- Fast: Adjective & Adverb
- He drives a fast car. (Adjective describing “car”)
- He runs fast. (Adverb modifying “runs”)
- Light: Noun & Verb
- The light is bright. (Noun representing an object)
- Please light the candle. (Verb describing an action)
Key Points to Remember:
- A single word may act as different parts of speech depending on the context.
- Example sentences can help you understand the function of a word. (aforementioned examples)
A Brief Explanation of Each Part of Speech with Examples
Noun (āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āώā§āϝ):
- A noun is a word that represents a person, place, thing, idea, or quality.
- Example: Dhaka (a place), Student (a person), Happiness (an idea).
- āĻŦāĻžāĻāϞāĻž: āĻā§āύ⧠āĻāĻŋāĻā§āϰ āύāĻžāĻŽāĻā§ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āώā§āϝ āĻŦāϞā§āĨ¤ āϝā§āĻŽāύ: āĻĸāĻžāĻāĻž, āĻāϞāĻŽ, āϏā§āĻāĨ¤
Pronoun (āϏāϰā§āĻŦāύāĻžāĻŽ):
- A pronoun is used in place of a noun to avoid repetition.
- Example: He (in place of “Rana”), They (in place of “students”).
- āĻŦāĻžāĻāϞāĻž: āϏāϰā§āĻŦāύāĻžāĻŽ āĻšāϞ⧠āĻāĻŽāύ āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ āϝāĻž Noun-āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāϰā§āϤ⧠āĻŦāϏā§āĨ¤ āϝā§āĻŽāύ: āϏā§, āϤāĻžāϰāĻžāĨ¤
Adjective (āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āώāĻŖ):
- An adjective modifies or describes a noun or pronoun, giving more information about it.
- Example: A red apple (“red” describes the apple).
- āĻŦāĻžāĻāϞāĻž: āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āώāĻŖ āĻšāϞ⧠āĻā§āύ⧠Noun āĻŦāĻž Pronoun-āĻāϰ āĻĻā§āώ, āĻā§āĻŖ āĻŦāĻž āĻ āĻŦāϏā§āĻĨāĻž āĻŦā§āĻāĻžā§āĨ¤ āϝā§āĻŽāύ: āϞāĻžāϞ, āϏā§āύā§āĻĻāϰāĨ¤
Verb (āĻā§āϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž):
- A verb is a word that expresses an action or a state of being.
- Example: She sings beautifully. (“sings” is an action verb).
- Example: She is beautiful. (“is” is a ‘state of being’ verb).
- āĻŦāĻžāĻāϞāĻž: āĻā§āϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϞ⧠āĻāĻžāĻ āĻŦāĻž āĻ āĻŦāϏā§āĻĨāĻžāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻāĻžāĻļāĻāĻžāϰ⧠āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻāĨ¤ āϝā§āĻŽāύ: āĻāĻžāύ āĻāĻžāĻā§āĻž, āĻšāĻā§āĻž, āĻĨāĻžāĻāĻžāĨ¤
Adverb (āĻā§āϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āώāĻŖ):
- An adverb modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb, providing more information.
- Example: He runs quickly. (“quickly” modifies the verb “runs”).
- āĻŦāĻžāĻāϞāĻž: āĻā§āϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āώāĻŖ āĻā§āϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž, āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āώāĻŖ āĻŦāĻž āĻ āύā§āϝ āĻā§āϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āώāĻŖāĻā§ āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻž āĻāϰā§āĨ¤ āϝā§āĻŽāύ: āĻĻā§āϰā§āϤ, āϏā§āύā§āĻĻāϰāĻāĻžāĻŦā§āĨ¤
Preposition (āĻĒāĻĻāĻžāύā§āĻŦāϝāĻŧā§ āĻ āĻŦā§āϝāϝāĻŧ āĻŦāĻž āĻ āύā§āϏāϰā§āĻ):
- A preposition shows the relationship between a noun or pronoun and other parts of the sentence.
- Example: The book is on the table. (“on” shows the relationship between “book” and “table”).
- āĻŦāĻžāĻāϞāĻž: āĻ āύā§āϏāϰā§āĻ āĻŦāĻžāĻā§āϝā§āϰ āĻŽāϧā§āϝ⧠Noun āĻŦāĻž Pronoun-āĻāϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨā§ āĻŦāĻžāĻā§āϝā§āϰ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāϰā§āĻ āϏā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāύ āĻāϰā§āĨ¤ āϝā§āĻŽāύ: āĻāĻĒāϰ, āĻŽāϧā§āϝā§āĨ¤
Conjunction (āϏāĻāϝā§āĻāĻ āĻĒāĻĻ):
- A conjunction connects words, phrases, or clauses.
- Example: I want tea and coffee. (“and” connects “tea” and “coffee”).
- āĻŦāĻžāĻāϞāĻž: āϏāĻāϝā§āĻāĻ āĻĻā§āĻāĻŋ āĻŦāĻž āϤāϤā§āϧāĻŋāĻ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ āĻŦāĻž āĻŦāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻžāĻāĻļāĻā§ āϝā§āĻā§āϤ āĻāϰā§āĨ¤ āϝā§āĻŽāύ: āĻāĻŦāĻ, āĻ āĻĨāĻŦāĻžāĨ¤
Interjection (āĻāĻŦā§āĻāϏā§āĻāĻ āĻĒāĻĻ):
- An interjection is a word or phrase that expresses strong emotion.
- Example: Wow! Thatâs amazing. (“Wow” expresses amazement).
- āĻŦāĻžāĻāϞāĻž: āĻāĻŦā§āĻāϏā§āĻāĻ āĻĒāĻĻ āĻšāϞ⧠āĻāĻŽāύ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ āϝāĻž āĻšāĻ āĻžā§ āĻā§āύ⧠āĻ āύā§āĻā§āϤāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāĻāĻžāĻļ āĻāϰā§āĨ¤ āϝā§āĻŽāύ: āĻŦāĻžāĻš! āĻāĻšāĻž!
Check Your Understanding: Parts of Speech
What part of speech is "Wow" in the sentence: "Wow! Thatâs amazing."
Identify the part of speech of "quickly" in the sentence: "He runs quickly."
What part of speech is "and" in the sentence: "I want tea and coffee."
Which word is a noun in the sentence: "Books enriches us."
Identify the verb in the sentence: "She sings beautifully."
Which word is an adjective in the sentence: "He drives a fast car."
What is the pronoun in the sentence: "He likes apples."
What is the preposition in the sentence: "The book is on the table."
Which word is the adverb in the sentence: "She dances gracefully."
Which word is the adjective in the sentence: "The sky looks blue today."