State of Being Verb - অস্তিত্বসূচক ক্রিয়া
State of Being Verbs describe a condition or state of existence. They do not indicate physical or mental actions but simply express a state or existence.
They include verbs like “be” “am”, “is”, “are”, “was”, “were”, “being”, and “been”.
Definition of State of Being Verb - এর সংজ্ঞা
A State of Being Verb expresses a state or condition rather than an action. It shows what something is, was, or will be, rather than what it does.
State of Being Verb হলো এমন একটি ক্রিয়া যা কোনো কাজ বা কর্ম নয়, বরং কিছু কী অবস্থায় আছে তা প্রকাশ করে। এটি নির্দেশ করে যে কিছু কী ছিল, কী আছে বা ভবিষ্যতে কী হবে বা থাকবে।
Examples of State of Being Verb - এর উদাহরণ
- He is a teacher.
- (State of Being Verb: “is”)
- তিনি একজন শিক্ষক (হয় বা আছেন)।
- (State of Being Verb: ‘হয় বা আছেন‘ বোঝায়)
They were at the park.
- (State of Being Verb: “were”)
তারা পার্কে ছিল।
- (State of Being Verb: “ছিল”)
Linking Verbs as State of Being Verbs
State of Being Verbs are also called linking verbs because they link the subject to more information about the subject.
Linking verbs don’t show action but instead link the subject to a description or state, which is why they are sometimes categorized as state of being verbs.
These verbs often describe:
- A condition or state (e.g., She appeared tired → “appeared” links the subject to its condition).
- A change or result (e.g., He became a doctor → “became” shows a change in the subject’s state).
- Continuation or persistence (e.g., They remain friends → “remain” indicates a continuous state).
Difference between Action Verbs and State of Being Verbs
- Action Verbs describe actions (e.g., run, eat), while
- State of Being Verbs describe conditions or states (e.g., is, was).
- Action Verbs এর সাধারণত Active-Passive হয় ।
- State of Being Verbs এর সাধারণত Passive হয় না; কেবল Active ভাব প্রকাশ করে ।
Common State of Being Verbs with Examples in a Sentence
Primary State of Being Verbs:
These verbs directly express existence, condition, or being:
Am – আছি
I am a student.
আমি একজন ছাত্র।Is – হয় / আছে
She is happy.
সে খুশি আছে।Are – হয় / আছো / আছেন
They are friends.
তারা বন্ধু।Was – ছিল
He was tired yesterday.
সে গতকাল ক্লান্ত ছিল।Were – ছিল / ছিলাম / ছিলেন
We were at the park.
আমরা পার্কে ছিলাম।Be – হওয়া / হও
It is important to be careful.
সাবধান হওয়া গুরুত্বপূর্ণ।Being – হওয়া / থাকছি
She is being kind to everyone.
সে সবার প্রতি সদয় থাকছে।Been – হয়েছে
They have been helpful throughout the process.
তারা পুরো প্রক্রিয়ায় সাহায্যকারী হয়েছে।
Secondary State of Being Verbs:
These linking verbs express a condition, transition, or state of being in relation to the subject, but they often imply a change or continuation of the subject’s state.
Act – আচরণ করা
He acts strange when nervous.
সে নার্ভাস হলে অদ্ভুত আচরণ করে।Appear – উপস্থিত হওয়া / মনে হওয়া
She appears tired.
সে ক্লান্ত মনে হচ্ছে।Become – হওয়া / পরিণত হওয়া
He became a doctor.
সে একজন ডাক্তার হয়েছিল।Get – হওয়া / পাওয়া
She got angry.
সে রাগান্বিত হলো।Grow – বৃদ্ধি পাওয়া
The plant grows quickly.
গাছটি দ্রুত বৃদ্ধি পায়।Prove – প্রমাণ করা
He proved helpful in the project.
সে প্রকল্পে সহায়ক প্রমাণিত হলো।Remain – থাকা
They remain friends after school.
স্কুলের পরে তারা বন্ধু থাকে।Stay – থাকা
She stayed calm during the exam.
পরীক্ষার সময় সে শান্ত ছিল।Turn – পরিণত হওয়া
The sky turned dark.
আকাশ অন্ধকার হয়ে গেল।
Important Notes on State of Being Verbs:
- Not Action-Oriented: State of Being Verbs express states or conditions, not actions. They do not show physical or mental actions.
- For example, in the sentence “She is a teacher,” the verb “is” doesn’t describe any action but shows her state of being.
- Link the Subject to Its Condition: State of Being Verbs form the predicate of a sentence without expressing action. They connect the subject to its state or identity, making them essential in many sentence constructions.
- For instance, “He became tired” uses the verb “became” to link “He” to his condition of being tired.
- Function as the Main Verb in a Sentence: When Be Verbs (such as am, is, are, was, were, be, being, been) are used as State of Being Verbs, they do not function as Auxiliary Verbs. Instead, they serve as the Main Verbs in the sentence, indicating the subject’s state, condition, or identity.
- State of Being Verb as Main Verb:
- She is a doctor
- Here, “is” acts as the main verb and shows the subject’s state of being (that she is a doctor). The verb “is” does not help any other verb but stands alone to express the main idea of the sentence.
Auxiliary Verb with a Main Verb:
- She is running.
In this sentence, “is” is an auxiliary verb, which supports the main verb “running” to form the present continuous tense. “Is” in this case doesn’t describe a state or condition but helps express the ongoing action of running. So, here, “is” does not function as a State of Being Verb.
- Primary vs. Secondary:
- Primary State of Being Verbs: These are basic verbs like “am, is, are, was, were,” which express simple existence or identity.
- Secondary State of Being Verbs: These verbs, such as “appear, become, remain, grow,” often describe changes or conditions, implying a transition or state.
- No Direct Object:
- State of being verbs generally do not require a direct object to complete their meaning. Instead, they connect the subject to a complement or description. Example: “She is happy.” Here, “happy” is a complement, not a direct object.
- Help Define Relationships and States:
- These verbs help define relationships, identity, or conditions. For example, “They remain friends” explains the ongoing relationship between two people.